In this paper, graphene nanoplatelets [GNPs] in calcium sulfoaluminate cement-based composites were prepared. The effects of graphene nanoplatelets content and sample thickness on the absorbing properties of composites were studied and the related mechanism was investigated. The experimental results have shown that the sample with a thickness of 25mm exhibited good electromagnetic wave [EMW] absorption, when the content of graphene nanoplatelets is 0.06%. The minimum reflectivity is -30.8 dB at 8.7 GHz, and the cumulative bandwidth [< -5 dB] is 9.5 GHz. When the content of GNPs is increased to 0.08%, the EMW absorption property of the sample does not enhance remarkably. The absorbing property can be improved by adjusting the thickness of sample. The specimen with a thickness of 35 mm performed excellent broadband absorption characteristics.