Properties of products obtained in the process of solidification and stabilization of fly ash resulting from thermal treatment of sewage sludge
1
Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland
2
Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Institute of Civil Engineering, Poland
3
Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Poland
4
Lublin University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Poland
Submission date: 2023-12-21
Final revision date: 2024-04-29
Acceptance date: 2024-04-29
Publication date: 2024-06-06
Corresponding author
Piotr Wichowski
Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Nowoursynowska St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
Cement Wapno Beton 28(6) 389-408 (2023)
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The article presents an analysis of the results of research on the composition of fly ash from the thermal processing of sewage sludge [SSA] collected from three incineration plants located in Warsaw, Cracow and Łódź. It determines the leaching values of selected heavy metals from the tested fly ash and ordinary class concrete C20/25 with partial replacement - up to 20% of cement with fly ash. The laboratory tests performed showed that they have a comparable granulometric composition. In contrast, the physico-chemical properties of the tested fly ashes differ from ashes from coal combustion traditionally used in concrete technology. SSA is characterized by an average lower content of silicon, iron, and aluminium oxides with a much higher content of phosphorus oxides. Leaching tests indicate low mobility of heavy metals, meeting Polish regulations regarding the possibility of using SSA in construction for specific applications. At the same time, they do not pose a significant threat to human health or the environment. Construction waste containing SSA may be disposed of in inert waste landfills.
REFERENCES (56)
2.
Share of the population connected to at least secondary urban wastewater treatment, 2002-2020 https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/....
3.
G. Mininni, E. Mauro, B. Piccioli, G. Colarullo, F. Brandolini, P. Giacomelli, Production and characteristics of sewage sludge in Italy. Water Science & Technology (2019) 79 (4) 619-626, https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.20....
6.
Regulation of the Minister of Development (PL) of January 22, 2016. on the requirements for conducting the thermal processing of waste and methods of dealing with waste generated as a result of this process (Journal of Laws of 2016, item 108).
7.
M. Chen, D. Blanc, M. Gautier, J. Mehu, R. Gourdon, Environmental and technical assessments of the potential utilization of sewage sludge ashes (SSAs) as secondary raw materials in construction. Waste Management, Volume 33, Issue 5, May 2013, Pages 1268-1275, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasm....
8.
S. Donatello, C.R. Cheeseman, Recycling and recovery routes for incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA): A review. Waste Management Volume 33, Issue 11, November 2013, Pages 2328-2340 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasm....
9.
M. Smol, J. Kulczycka, A. Henclik, K. Gorazda, Z. Wzorek, The possible use of sewage sludge ash (SSA) in the construction industry as a way towards a circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production Volume 95, 15 May 2015, Pages 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcle....
10.
D. Vouk, D. Nakic, N. Stirmer, C. R. Cheeseman Use of sewage sludge ash in cementitious materials Rev.Adv. Mater. Sci. 49 (2017) 158-170.
11.
G. Rutkowska, P. Wichowski, K. Świgoń, P. Sobieski, Properties of concrete with fly ash addition from sewage sludge thermal treatment. Cement Wapno Beton, 2/2017, 113-119.
12.
G. Rutkowska, P. Wichowski, J. Fronczyk, M. Franus, M. Chalecki, Use of fly ashes from municipal sewage sludge combustion in production of ash concretes. Construction and Building Materials. 188 (2018) 874-883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb....
13.
B. Krejcirikova, L.M. Ottosena, G.M. Kirkelunda, C. Rodea, R. Peuhkurib, Characterization of sewage sludge ash and its effect on moisture physics of mortar. Journal of Building Engineering 21 (2019) 396–403 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe....
14.
L. Świerczek, B.M. Cieślik, P. Konieczka, Challenges and opportunities related to the use of sewage sludge ash in cement-based building materials – A review. Journal of Cleaner Production Volume 287, 10 March 2021, 125054 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcle....
15.
A. Bubalo, D. Vouk, N. Stirmer, K. Nad, Use of Sewage Sludge Ash in the Production of Innovative Bricks—An Example of a Circular Economy. Sustainability 2021, 13(16), 9330; https://doi.org/10.3390/su1316....
16.
H. Xu, P. He, W. Gu, G. Wang, L. Shao, Recovery of phosphorus as struvite from sewage sludge ash. Journal of Environmental Sciences Volume 24, Issue 8, August 2012, 1533-1538, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-....
17.
L. Luyck, J. Van Caneghem, Recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge ash: Influence of incineration temperature on ash mineralogy and related phosphorus and heavy metal extraction Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Volume 9, Issue 6, December 2021, 106471 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece....
18.
R. Li, W. Teng, Y. Li, W. Wang, R. Cui, T. Yang, Potential recovery of phosphorus during the fluidized bed incineration of sewage sludge Journal of Cleaner Production. Volume 140, Part 2, 1 January 2017, 964-970 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcle....
19.
L. Luyck, J. Van Caneghem, Recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge ash: Influence of chemical addition prior to incineration on ash mineralogy and related phosphorus and heavy metal extraction Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2022, 108117 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece....
20.
L. Fang, J. Li, S. Donatello, C.R. Cheeseman, Q. Wang, C.S. Poon, D.C.W. Tsang, Recovery of phosphorus from incinerated sewage sludge ash by combined two-step extraction and selective precipitation Chemical Engineering Journal Volume 348, 15 September 2018, Pages 74-83 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.....
21.
M. Smol, J. Kulczycka, Z. Kowalski, Sewage sludge ash (SSA) from large and small incineration plants as a potential source of phosphorus – Polish case study. Journal of Environmental Management Volume 184, Part 3, 15 December 2016, Pages 617-628 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenv....
22.
S. C. Chin, D. S. Ing, A. Kusbiantoro, Y. K. Won, S. W. Ahmad, Characterization of sewage sludge ash (ssa) in cement mortar. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Science. Vol. 11, No. 4, Feb. 2016, 2242-2247.
23.
K.D. Thevaneyan, K.N. Sivasan, Compressive Strength of Concrete with Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA). IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 371 (2018) 012009 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/371/1/012009.
24.
T. Hemalatha, A. Ramaswamy, A review on fly ash characteristics – Towards promoting high volume utilization in developing sustainable concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production Volume 147, 20 March 2017, Pages 546-559 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcle....
25.
Z. Giergiczny, A. Garbacik, Properties of cements with calcareous fly ash addition. Cement, Wapno Beton. 2012 | R. 17/79, nr 4 | 217-224.
26.
G. Itskos, S. Itskos, N. Koukouzas, Size fraction characterization of highly-calcareous fly ash. Fuel Processing Technology, Volume 91, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1558-1563, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fupr....
27.
A. Soultana, M. Galetakis, Utilization of Quarry Dust and Calcareous Fly Ash for the Production of Lightweight Cellular Micro-Concrete—Synthesis and Characterization. Buildings. 2020; 10(12):214. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildi....
28.
R. Bajpai, K. Choudhary, A. Srivastava, K.S. Sangwan, M. Singh, Environmental impact assessment of fly ash and silica fume based geopolymer concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 254, 1 May 2020, 120147 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcle....
29.
A. Mujkanović, D. Bečirhodžić, I. Bušatlić, M. Jovanović, Unprocessed calcareous fly ash as a partial cement replacement in self-compacting concrete. J Sustain Const Mater Technol, Vol. 6, Issue. 2, pp. 44–52, June, 2021 DOI: 10.29187/jscmt.2021.59.
30.
EN 450–1, Fly Ash for Concrete. Part. 1: Definition, Specifications and Conformity Criteria. European Standards. European Standards; European Committee for Standardization: Brussels, Belgium, 2012.
31.
B. Nowak, P. Aschenbrenner, F. Winter, Heavy metal removal from sewage sludge ash and municipal solid waste fly ash — A comparison. Fuel Processing Technology, Volume 105, January 2013 195-201.
32.
C.J. Lynn, R.K. Dhir, G.S. Ghataora, R.P. West, Sewage sludge ash characteristics and potential for use in concrete. Construction and Building Materials Volume 98, 15 November 2015, Pages 767-779 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb....
33.
D.K. Nayak, P.P. Abhilash, R. Singh, R. Kumar, V. Kumar, Fly ash for sustainable construction: A review of fly ash concrete and its beneficial use case studies. Cleaner Materials 6 (2022) 100143 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clem....
34.
Regulation of the Minister of Climate (PL) of January 2, 2020 on the waste catalogue (Dz.U. z 2020 poz.10).
36.
PN-EN 206+A1:2021-08, Concrete -- Requirements, performance properties, production and compliance. PKN.
38.
G. Rutkowska, P. Wichowski, M. Franus, M. Mendryk, J. Fronczyk, Modification of Ordinary Concrete Using Fly Ash from Combustion of Municipal Sewage Sludge, Materials 2020, 13, 487; doi:10.3390/ma13020487.
39.
PN-EN 12457-2:2006, Waste characterization - Leaching - Compliance testing for leaching of granular waste materials and sludge. PKN.
40.
PN-EN ISO 3696:1999, Water used in analytical laboratories - Requirements and test methods. PKN.
41.
E. Haustein, A. Kuryłowicz-Cudowska, A. Łuczkiewicz, S. Fudała-Książek, B.M. Cieślik, Influence of Cement Replacement with Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA) on the Heat of Hydration of Cement Mortar. Materials 2022, 15, 1547. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ma15041547.
42.
R.O. Yusuf, Z.Z. Noor, M.F.M. Din, A.H. Abba, Use of sewage sludge ash (SSA) in the production of cement and concrete—A review. Int. J. Glob. Environ. Issues 2012, 12, 214–228.
43.
A. Uliasz-Bocheńczyk, A. Pawluk, M. Pyzalski, Characteristics of ash from combustion of biomass in fluidized bed boilers. Mineral Resources Management. 2016, 32, 3, DOI 10.1515/gospo-2016-0029.
44.
H. Liu, Q. Sun, B. Wang, P. Wang, J. Zou, Morphology and Composition of Microspheres in Fly Ash from the Luohuang Power Plant, Chongqing, Southwestern China. Minerals 2016, 6(2), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/min602....
45.
S. Yazici, H.S. Arel, Effects of fly ash fineness on the mechanical properties of concrete. Sadhana Vol. 37, Part 3, June 2012, pp. 389–403. c Indian Academy of Sciences.
46.
S.H. Lee, H.J. Kim, E. Sakai, M. Daimon, Effect of particle size distribution of fly ash - cement system on the fluidity of cement pastes. Cement and Concrete Research 33, 2003, 763-768.
47.
J. Latosińska, M. Lech, A. Paluch, Ł. Galarczyk, Effect of the addition of ash from the incineration of sewage sludge on the properties of cement slurries. Struct. Environ. 2016, 8, 253–259.
48.
M. Coutand, M. Cyr, P. Clastres, Use of sewage sludge ash as mineral admixture in mortars. Constr. Mater. 2006, 159, 153–162.
49.
F. Baeza-Brotons, P. Garcés, J. Payá, J.M. Saval, Portland cement systems with addition of sewage sludge ash. Application in concretes for the manufacture of blocks. Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 82, 2014, 112-124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcle....
50.
Announcement of the Minister of Climate and Environment (PL) of November 2022. regarding the announcement of the uniform text of the regulation of the Minister of the Environment on the use of municipal sewage sludge (Journal of Laws of 2023, item 23).
51.
Council Directive of 12 June 1986 on the protection of the environment, and in particular of the soil, when sewage sludge is used in agriculture (86/278/EEC).
52.
Announcement of the Speaker of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland of June 7, 2018 on the announcement of the uniform text of the Act on fertilizers and fertilization (Journal of Laws of 2018, item 1259).
53.
Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development (PL) of June 18, 2008 on the implementation of certain provisions of the Act on fertilizers and fertilization (Journal of Laws of 2008, item 765).
54.
Regulation of the Minister of the Environment (PL) of November 18, 2014 On the conditions to be met when discharging sewage into water or land, and on substances particularly harmful to the aquatic environment (Journal of Laws of 2014, item 1800).
55.
Regulation of the Minister of Economy (PL) of July 16, 2015 On allowing waste to be stored in landfills (Journal of Laws of 2015, item 1277).
56.
Directive 1999/31/EC Criteria and procedures for the acceptance of waste at landfills.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| ISSN: | 1425-8129 |
Całkowita kwota działania: 101 900 PLN
Kwota dofinansowania z MNiE: 85 100 PLN
Celem działania jest podniesienie poziomu technicznego obsługi Autorów i usprawnienie przepływu artykułów w procesie redakcyjnym.
Działania mające realizować powyższy cel polegać będą na:
- wprowadzeniu systemu elektronicznego zarządzania zgłaszaniem, recenzowaniem i przetwarzaniem artykułów,
- zmiana dotychczasowej organizacji strony internetowej,
- integracja numerów DOI (przydzielanych obecnie publikowanym artykułom) z bazą CrossRef.
© 2006-2024 Journal hosting platform by Bentus
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
